Technically, using the same tools. Usually the studio films have more leverage over the indie film. You’ve got another of specific avenues such as: pre-sales. This type of funding is when a production company sells the rights to distribute a film in a particular region or distribution format before the film is finished. Think of it as an advance.
Then there’s gap financing which is when a loan is taken out based on a movie’s unsold rights – a value that is limited to the rights to distribute the movie in foreign territories.
And then you have slate financing when hedge fund managers look for ways to tap into the film industry. It’s a form of private equity film financing where firms invest money into several films. As you can tell there are a number of ways both kinds of films get financed. It’s a complex system of practices that’s constantly evolving where money and creativity meet!